Attribution
Attribution is a concept in social psychology to explain causes of events in other's and your own behavior.
Fritz Heider argues an average person makes casual inferences why things happen. Inferences become beliefs to understand and predict things they observe and experience.
In the spotlight effect people assume certain features and behaviors are more important than they really are. The spotlight effect being the tendency to believe other's are paying closer attention to your appearance and behavior than they really are.
The correspondence bias leans toward people's behavior matches their personality. The bias not only infers internal causes for behavior, but concludes the causes are stable personality characteristics.
Error in attribution, not to individuals, but to whole groups. The assumption of positive charactertic of behavioral cause in favored ingroups and negative characteristic causing behavior of disfavored outgroups is seen as the ultimate attribution error.
People make attributions in line with 'bad things happen to bad people' and, of course, 'good things happen to good people' to protect self-esteem and prevent feeling vulnerable. This is known as 'a just-world' hypothesis.
Unrealistic optimism, a defensive attribution people think positive things are more likely to happen to them than others. Negative things are less likely to happen to them than their peers. Serious consideration for this self-serving prevalence, a general motivational desire to keep self-esteem.
Heider argues people are intuitive psychologists employing naive theories or using commonsense about the world and people.
At times, people are not sure why things happened, which threatens their ability to control and predict events.
Wikipedia
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