Culture
A new form of identification breaks down the understanding the individual is a coherent whole subject to cultural identifiers. These cultural identifiers include place, gender, race, history, language, ethnicity and aesthetics.
A social process individuals participate in changing historical conditions. As an 'historical reservoir', culture is a factor in shaping identity. Critics argue preservation of cultural identity, based on difference is a divisive force in society. Others argue 'cosmopolitanism' gives a greater sense of citizenship.
Kwame Appiah found a peculiarity in social ethics. Whatever obligation given toward foreign, does not supercede what's done for family. Judith Butler asks what are the consequences, the familiar valued more than foreign? Paul Gilroy suggests a degree of estrangement, might be essential for cosmopolitan committment. This estrangement seen as an exposure to otherness to foster the irreducible value of diversity within sameness. Estrangement viewed as a de-emphasis on the familiar, by integrating otherness.
Cosmopolitan community is based on inclusive morality, a shared economic relationship, a political structure tolerant of different nationalities. Cosmopolitan are people from around the world who form relationships of mutual respect.
Jacques Derrida claims the foundation of ethics is hospitality, the readiness and inclination to welcome another into your home. Ethics is hospitality. Pure, unconditional hospitality underscores conditional hospitality. Derrida's theory accepts the other as different, but of equal standing. Isolation is not a feasable alternative. Theory aside, importantly, how to incorporate the other, and, what's at stake.
Another connotation to cosmpolitanism came after WWII. The concept of 'crimes against humanity' became an accepted category in international law. This implies the notion of individual responsibility held for humanity.
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